Difference between revisions of "Tem"

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==4: SEP 16==
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==11: OCT 6==
  
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===Assigned Reading and Writing===
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===Assigned===
  
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:*Nestle, Marion. Chapter 2, Politics Versus Science -- opposing the food pyramind, 1991-1992 (pp. 51-66).
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:*Haidt, Chapter 5, "Beyond WEIRD Morality" (17)
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:*US Dietary Guidelines (150) (browse with worksheet questions in mind).
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:*Writing exercise: How WEIRD is Morality?
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:*The Lancet, Carcinogenicity of consumption of red and processed meat
 
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:*American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
 
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:*Note: The remainder of this unit consists of three chapters on nutrition, which we will time to the end of the next three units.
 
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:*Self-Assessment of Diet in Relation to USDGs (Points, ungraded, analytic, short writing)
 
  
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===Some terms to track from today's class===
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===Brief Survey on Student Engagement in Hybrid course delivery===
  
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:*dietary transition
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:*Please take the following anonymous [https://gonzaga.az1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_3I98g1ecsTe59ZP survey].
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:*healthy eating patterns
 
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:*nutrient dense
 
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:*Permissive guidance "health intake of added sugars"
 
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:*Regulatory capture
 
  
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===Nestle, "Chapter 2: Politics Versus Science -- opposing the food pyramind, 1991-1992"===
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===Final Stage of Sapolsky Writing Assignment===
  
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:*Tells the story of the blocked printing of the '''1991 Eating Right Pyramid'''.  Lots of drama and intrigue!
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:*'''Stage 4''': Back-evaluation: After you receive your peer comments and my evaluation, take a few minutes to fill out this quick "back evaluation" rating form: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdgKCYITDTSOOHcvC3TAVNK-EZDsP4jiiyPj-7jdpRoNUsLPA/viewform?usp=sf_link].  '''Fill out the form for each reviewer, but not Alfino.'''  Up to 10 points, in Points.
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:*Meat and Dairy did not appreciate being "narrowed" in the pyramid.  
 
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:*She highlights the USDA mandate (over HEW) after 1977 to produce nutrition information, the tension between that agency and then "HEW" (health education and welfare), (now DHHS) where the Surgeon General was.
 
  
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:*53: specific law in 1988 preventing DHHS from issuing nutritional advice that might adversely affect agricultural interests.
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::*Back evaluations are due '''Thursday, October 8, 11:59pm'''.
  
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:*54-55: documents the development of the 1988 pyramid.  Clearly a multi-year process with lots of professional review.
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===Some samples from Henrich's, "The Weirdest People on Earth"===
  
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:*p. 55.  Specific design process for the pyramid. Compare other countries approaches. [http://www.eufic.org/en/healthy-living/article/food-based-dietary-guidelines-in-europe]. Compare to current US Dietary Guidelines for 2015-2020.  [https://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/] [https://www.thedailymeal.com/travel/food-pyramids-around-world-slideshow/slide-5]
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:*p. 25: "Who Am I?" task.  Show charts
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:*p. 28: sociocentric vs. individualistic
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:*p. 34: guilt vs. shame
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:*p. 44: impersonal honesty research (recall Ariely).   
  
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:*the controversy over the pyramid was mostly about the diminished size of the meat group and it's proximity to the sugar, fats, and oils.  If you look at the previous chapter's image of the "Basic Four" design, meat and dairy were "in front" and "on top" of the image.  The ensuing controversy had partly to do with gov't officials dodging responsibility for the nutritionists work.
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===Haidt, Chapter 5, "Beyond WEIRD Morality"===
  
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====WEIRD Morality====
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:*WEIRD morality is the morality of Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic cultures
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::*just as likely to be bothered by taboo violations, but more likely to set aside feelings of disgust and allow violations
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::*only group with majority allowing chicken story violation.
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::*"the weirder you are the more likely you are to see the world in terms of separate objects, rather than relationships"  "sociocentric" moralities vs. individualistic moralities; Enlightenment moralities of Kant and Mill are rationalist, individualist, and universalist. 
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::*survey data on East/West differences in sentence completion: "I am..."
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::*framed-line task 97
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:*Kantian and Millian ethical thought is rationalist, rule based, and universalist.  Just the ethical theory you would expect from the culture. 
  
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====A 3 channel moral matrix====
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:*Schweder's anthropology: ethics of autonomy, community, divinity 99-100 - gloss each...
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::*claims Schweder's theory predicts responses on taboo violation tests, is descriptively accurate.
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::*ethic of divinity: body as temple vs. playground
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::*vertical dimension to values.  explains reactions to flag desecration, piss Christ, thought exp: desecration of liberal icons.  (Note connection to contemporary conflicts, such as the Charlie Hebdot massacre.)
  
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===USDGs, Lancet, and AmAcad of Nutrition===
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====Making Sense of Moral/Cultural Difference====
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:*'''Haidt's Bhubaneswar experience''': diverse (intense) continua of moral values related to purity. (opposite of disgust). Confusing at first, but notice that he started to like his hosts (elephant) and then started to think about how their values might work.  Stop and think about how a mind might create this.  Detail about airline passenger.
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:*Theorizing with Paul Rozin on the right model for thinking about moral foundations: "Our theory, in brief" (103)
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:*American politics often about sense of "sacrilege", not just about defining rights (autonomy).  Not just harm, but types of moral disgust.
 +
:*'''Stepping out of the Matrix''':  H's metaphor for seeing his own cultural moral values as more "contingent" than before, when it felt like the natural advocacy of what seem true and right.  Reports growing self awareness of liberal orientation of intellectual culture in relation to Shweder's view.  Social conservatives made more sense to him after studying in India.
  
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:*'''US Dietary Guidelines''' -- Paging through the guidelines, what new ways of representing health eating patterns do you find that supplement our nutrition study?
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===Small Group Discussion===
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::*Note letter from both USDA and HHS
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:*Discussion questions:
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::*more use of phrase "healthy eating pattern" "nutrient dense" 
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::*Does it make sense to talk about "stepping out of a matrix"?  Is this a temporary thing?  What value might it have in your experience?
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::*xv: Guidelines at a glance
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::*Do you have a parallel story to Haidt's? (Mention travel experiences.)
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::*Lots of survey data on diet in the population.
 
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::*p. 18: Table 1-1: note classification of protein foods (!)  protein is still the master macronutrient in our cultural perception of dietetics.  also p. 51
 
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::*p. 28: Why start a section on "Added Sugars" with a subheading "Healthy Intake"? -- it's a permissive guide.
 
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:*'''The Lancet -- "Carcinogenicity of Consumption of Red and Processed Meat"'''
 
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::*Major conclusions, evidence, authoritativeness
 
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:::*curing, frying, grilling and barbequing produce carcinogenic chemical
 
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:::*17% increase risk of colon cancer at 100/grams of red meat and 18% for 50 grams of processed meats.
 
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::*Note mechanistic evidence for red meat strong, for processed meat moderate.
 
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::*What are the specific thresholds and risk factors by consumption?
 
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:::*Many hundreds of studies across many countries. less certainty about the red meat conclusion from epidemiological data, though mechanistic evidence seemed stronger for red meat. Note studies on second page. More on HAA and PHA, which are chemicals formed at high heats that we often cook meat. 
 
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:*'''American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Position on Vegetarian Diets'''
 
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::*What is the overall assessment of the Academy of the healthiness vegetarian and vegan diets?
 
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:::*bio availablity of iron lower for vegs, but not all bad.  No longer higher DRI for iron due to new evidence  
 
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::*What are the major recommendations for dietary supplementation or monitoring?
 
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:::*Vit D, B12, maybe calcium, (but these are common supplements for non-vegs as well)
 
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::*To what degree do low and no-meat diets reduce your risk of Western Dietary Diseases? 12ff: long list of health benefits. Please read through this part especially.
 
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:*Note: effect of both the Lancet and Academy articles:  most of benefits from veg diet available to low-meat diet, most of hazards of high meat diet concentrated on red & processed meat.
 
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===Self-Assessment of USDGs, either in relation to your diet or generally. (Points, ungraded, analytic, short writing)===
 
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:*Please write a paragraph (of no more than 500 words) in answer to the ONE of the following questions by '''September September 18, 2020, 11:59pm.'''  Include your word count in your answer.
 
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:*1. After reading through the USDGs (and Lancet article), identify aspects of your diet as they relate to both norms and recommendations. Are you a typical American eater, as defined by the USDGs?  If not, where do you differ from the norms?
 
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:*2. After reading through the USDGs (and Lancet article), identify norming data that you think documents some of the Americans' most unhealthy eating habits.  Is there evidence of improvement in any areas? 
 
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:**[https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe-n0xSj1ghmGXUh1NYApOs0XvigRC7JevOtsqcRe7n4TdkFA/viewform?usp=sf_link Follow this link to a google form when you are ready to post].
 

Latest revision as of 19:51, 6 October 2020

11: OCT 6

Assigned

  • Haidt, Chapter 5, "Beyond WEIRD Morality" (17)
  • Writing exercise: How WEIRD is Morality?

Brief Survey on Student Engagement in Hybrid course delivery

  • Please take the following anonymous survey.

Final Stage of Sapolsky Writing Assignment

  • Stage 4: Back-evaluation: After you receive your peer comments and my evaluation, take a few minutes to fill out this quick "back evaluation" rating form: [1]. Fill out the form for each reviewer, but not Alfino. Up to 10 points, in Points.
  • Back evaluations are due Thursday, October 8, 11:59pm.

Some samples from Henrich's, "The Weirdest People on Earth"

  • p. 25: "Who Am I?" task. Show charts
  • p. 28: sociocentric vs. individualistic
  • p. 34: guilt vs. shame
  • p. 44: impersonal honesty research (recall Ariely).

Haidt, Chapter 5, "Beyond WEIRD Morality"

WEIRD Morality

  • WEIRD morality is the morality of Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic cultures
  • just as likely to be bothered by taboo violations, but more likely to set aside feelings of disgust and allow violations
  • only group with majority allowing chicken story violation.
  • "the weirder you are the more likely you are to see the world in terms of separate objects, rather than relationships" "sociocentric" moralities vs. individualistic moralities; Enlightenment moralities of Kant and Mill are rationalist, individualist, and universalist.
  • survey data on East/West differences in sentence completion: "I am..."
  • framed-line task 97
  • Kantian and Millian ethical thought is rationalist, rule based, and universalist. Just the ethical theory you would expect from the culture.

A 3 channel moral matrix

  • Schweder's anthropology: ethics of autonomy, community, divinity 99-100 - gloss each...
  • claims Schweder's theory predicts responses on taboo violation tests, is descriptively accurate.
  • ethic of divinity: body as temple vs. playground
  • vertical dimension to values. explains reactions to flag desecration, piss Christ, thought exp: desecration of liberal icons. (Note connection to contemporary conflicts, such as the Charlie Hebdot massacre.)

Making Sense of Moral/Cultural Difference

  • Haidt's Bhubaneswar experience: diverse (intense) continua of moral values related to purity. (opposite of disgust). Confusing at first, but notice that he started to like his hosts (elephant) and then started to think about how their values might work. Stop and think about how a mind might create this. Detail about airline passenger.
  • Theorizing with Paul Rozin on the right model for thinking about moral foundations: "Our theory, in brief" (103)
  • American politics often about sense of "sacrilege", not just about defining rights (autonomy). Not just harm, but types of moral disgust.
  • Stepping out of the Matrix: H's metaphor for seeing his own cultural moral values as more "contingent" than before, when it felt like the natural advocacy of what seem true and right. Reports growing self awareness of liberal orientation of intellectual culture in relation to Shweder's view. Social conservatives made more sense to him after studying in India.

Small Group Discussion

  • Discussion questions:
  • Does it make sense to talk about "stepping out of a matrix"? Is this a temporary thing? What value might it have in your experience?
  • Do you have a parallel story to Haidt's? (Mention travel experiences.)
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