Difference between revisions of "Tem"

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==APR 5==
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==11: OCT 6==
  
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Audio from class: [http://alfino.org/audiofromclass/30114APR03.m4a] [http://alfino.org/audiofromclass/30117APR03.m4a]
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===Assigned===
  
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===The Moral Foundations of Social Conservatism and Nationalism (Trumpism)===
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:*Haidt, Chapter 5, "Beyond WEIRD Morality" (17)
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:*Writing exercise: How WEIRD is Morality?
  
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::*Major demographics of current political scene: fate of non-STEM economy, rural working whites earning depressed, suicide epidemic in this demographic; US in foreign military interventions with bad or ambiguous outcomes. 
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===Brief Survey on Student Engagement in Hybrid course delivery===
  
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:*The following is a pretty general "CFLAS" analysis of both traditional conservatism and more recently nationalist versions. Important not to assume that all conservatives or all nationalists believe everything below. 
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:*Please take the following anonymous [https://gonzaga.az1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_3I98g1ecsTe59ZP survey].
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::*Care/Harm: primary arena for promoting care is within family structure and private associations. Rejects collective movements to prevent group harms (civil rights).
 
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::*Fairness/Cheating:  For conservatives, a more proportional than egalitarian way of looking at this. Gov't regulation unfair to elites who deserve more respect and authority, Gov't spending unfair redistribution to those often perceived as undeserving.
 
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::*Loyalty/Betrayal: Differential success of workers in stem economy feels like betrayal.  Multilateralism in international politics also.
 
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::*Authority/Subversion: Sensitivity to police over Black Lives Matter; more willing to allow powerful to be authoritative (plutocracy); perceives collective regulatory action as limitation of authority of elites. 
 
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::*Sanctity/Degradation: Shift from sanctity of environment, to seeing (among isolationist) "impurity" in immigration, advocacy of white cultural identity.
 
  
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:*Random bumper sticker on a truck in downtown Spokane, seen just after election:  '''Annoy a Liberal.  Work. Succeed. Be happy.'''
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===Final Stage of Sapolsky Writing Assignment===
  
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===Singer, One World Now, Ch 3, "One Law"===
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:*'''Stage 4''': Back-evaluation: After you receive your peer comments and my evaluation, take a few minutes to fill out this quick "back evaluation" rating form: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdgKCYITDTSOOHcvC3TAVNK-EZDsP4jiiyPj-7jdpRoNUsLPA/viewform?usp=sf_link].  '''Fill out the form for each reviewer, but not Alfino.'''  Up to 10 points, in Points.
  
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:*Issues addresses: genocide, ethnic cleansing, war crimes, crimes against humanity.  Cites biblical source authorizing genocide against the Midianites.  Pretty typical for pre-ag humans.    125 detail  This is the 1st reason.
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::*Back evaluations are due '''Thursday, October 8, 11:59pm'''.
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:*Pinker hypothesis in ''Better Angels of Our Nature'': violence down globally by every measure. 
 
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:*2nd reason: groups don't need much of a cause to commit violence
 
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:*3rd reason: human historical tribal violence seems to fit with evolutionary predictions: kill the men, boys, and most of the women, capture the virgins.
 
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:*Chimps have similar capacity for violence. Countervailing force: We're also good at making relationships (note relevant moral foundations).  cites difficulty in getting European soldiers to kill each other. 
 
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:*Conclusion he draws:  You need a bigger authority to create fear of punishment.
 
  
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:*Rise of Inter'l Criminal Law
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===Some samples from Henrich's, "The Weirdest People on Earth"===
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::*Nuremberg, 1984 Conventional Against Torture,
 
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::*Problem of universal jurisdiction, history of cases 131: Eichmann, Hissene Habre, Pinochet
 
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::*2001 Princeton Principles on Universal Jurisdiction.  - still, potential to politicize judicial process.  structural problem.
 
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::*better strategy might be international criminal courts.  1998 ICC.  International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) Handled Milosevic case in the Hague, which is where ICC is.  US relationship to the treaty.  136
 
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::*2006 Thomas Lubanga case, Congo.  child soldiers, atrocities
 
  
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:*From Judicial intervention after the fact to "responsibility to protect"
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:*p. 25: "Who Am I?" task. Show charts
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::*what is criterion for intervention (in the sovreignty of another country): "shock to the conscience"  problems of subjectivity in both directions: false positives/negatives.  
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:*p. 28: sociocentric vs. individualistic
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::*Kofi Anan: UN charter commits to standard of protection of civilians.141
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:*p. 34: guilt vs. shame
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::*work of ICISS commission to address this question, "responsibility to protect" accepted at 2005 UN Summit.
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:*p. 44: impersonal honesty research (recall Ariely).
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::*Invoked in Cote d'Ivoire election standoff with Laurnet Gbagbo.  Libyan case 148.
 
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::*Does a state need the UN Security council to approve intervention: Anan raised question hypothetically in relation to Rwanda.
 
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::*Some limits to UN model under current charter. Obligated to respect state sovereignty. Reconciling intervention with charter depends upon any of three possibilities:
 
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:::*1. Violating human rights is a threat to peace.
 
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:::*2. Tyranny is a threat to peace.
 
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:::*3. Sovereignty doesn't include committing crimes against the ruled.
 
  
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:*1. Violating human rights is a threat to peace.
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===Haidt, Chapter 5, "Beyond WEIRD Morality"===
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::*Used in 91 Iraq, 90s Somalia, 04 Haiti  11 Libya
 
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::*Singer is sympathetic to the consequentialist thinking behind this claim, but thinks it is a fiction and likely to be abused.
 
  
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:*2. Tyranny is a threat to peace.
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====WEIRD Morality====
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::*Similar problem here. There are counterexamples ("democratic" states that still commit crimes against citizens), but general problem is same as 1.  too broad a standard.  No strong theory of link between democracy and peace.   
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:*WEIRD morality is the morality of Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic cultures
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::*just as likely to be bothered by taboo violations, but more likely to set aside feelings of disgust and allow violations
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::*only group with majority allowing chicken story violation.
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::*"the weirder you are the more likely you are to see the world in terms of separate objects, rather than relationships" "sociocentric" moralities vs. individualistic moralities; Enlightenment moralities of Kant and Mill are rationalist, individualist, and universalist.   
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::*survey data on East/West differences in sentence completion: "I am..."
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::*framed-line task 97
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:*Kantian and Millian ethical thought is rationalist, rule based, and universalist.  Just the ethical theory you would expect from the culture.   
  
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:*3. Sovereignty doesn't include committing crimes against the ruled.
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====A 3 channel moral matrix====
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::*best standard, supported by ICISS, tight connection to UN charter language.
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:*Schweder's anthropology: ethics of autonomy, community, divinity 99-100 - gloss each...
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::*claims Schweder's theory predicts responses on taboo violation tests, is descriptively accurate.
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::*ethic of divinity: body as temple vs. playground
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::*vertical dimension to values.  explains reactions to flag desecration, piss Christ, thought exp: desecration of liberal icons.  (Note connection to contemporary conflicts, such as the Charlie Hebdot massacre.)
  
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:*Does democracy prevent genocide?  
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====Making Sense of Moral/Cultural Difference====
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::*Rwanda moving toward democracy, but most cases not democratic states.  157
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:*'''Haidt's Bhubaneswar experience''': diverse (intense) continua of moral values related to purity. (opposite of disgust). Confusing at first, but notice that he started to like his hosts (elephant) and then started to think about how their values might work. Stop and think about how a mind might create this.  Detail about airline passenger.
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:*Theorizing with Paul Rozin on the right model for thinking about moral foundations: "Our theory, in brief" (103)
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:*American politics often about sense of "sacrilege", not just about defining rights (autonomy).  Not just harm, but types of moral disgust.
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:*'''Stepping out of the Matrix''':  H's metaphor for seeing his own cultural moral values as more "contingent" than before, when it felt like the natural advocacy of what seem true and right.  Reports growing self awareness of liberal orientation of intellectual culture in relation to Shweder's view.  Social conservatives made more sense to him after studying in India.
  
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:*Does Military intervention cause more harm than good?
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===Small Group Discussion===
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::*Good example might be Iraq, (650,000 dead) in which intervention created a political vacuum.  A failed state. Also Libya.
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:*Discussion questions:
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::*Does it make sense to talk about "stepping out of a matrix"? Is this a temporary thing? What value might it have in your experience?
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:*Cultural Imperialism, Relativism and a Global Ethic
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::*Do you have a parallel story to Haidt's? (Mention travel experiences.)
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::*mistake to argue that all forms of intervention are imperialism.  complete relativism doesn't make sense.  Must be possibility of argument across cultures. Respecting a culture and critiquing it are compatible activities
 
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::*right to intervene & duty to intervene.
 
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::*UN reform: Security Council veteos dont' make sense anymore. Super majorities might. 
 
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::*problem with General Assembly.  Represents states, not populations.  170
 
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===Group Discussion===
 
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:*Locate your views in relation to our discussion of both the moral appeal of isolationism and conservatism and Singer's advocacy of a form of world government. Keep track of questions and concerns that arise in the discussion. Report on Google group form.
 

Latest revision as of 19:51, 6 October 2020

11: OCT 6

Assigned

  • Haidt, Chapter 5, "Beyond WEIRD Morality" (17)
  • Writing exercise: How WEIRD is Morality?

Brief Survey on Student Engagement in Hybrid course delivery

  • Please take the following anonymous survey.

Final Stage of Sapolsky Writing Assignment

  • Stage 4: Back-evaluation: After you receive your peer comments and my evaluation, take a few minutes to fill out this quick "back evaluation" rating form: [1]. Fill out the form for each reviewer, but not Alfino. Up to 10 points, in Points.
  • Back evaluations are due Thursday, October 8, 11:59pm.

Some samples from Henrich's, "The Weirdest People on Earth"

  • p. 25: "Who Am I?" task. Show charts
  • p. 28: sociocentric vs. individualistic
  • p. 34: guilt vs. shame
  • p. 44: impersonal honesty research (recall Ariely).

Haidt, Chapter 5, "Beyond WEIRD Morality"

WEIRD Morality

  • WEIRD morality is the morality of Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic cultures
  • just as likely to be bothered by taboo violations, but more likely to set aside feelings of disgust and allow violations
  • only group with majority allowing chicken story violation.
  • "the weirder you are the more likely you are to see the world in terms of separate objects, rather than relationships" "sociocentric" moralities vs. individualistic moralities; Enlightenment moralities of Kant and Mill are rationalist, individualist, and universalist.
  • survey data on East/West differences in sentence completion: "I am..."
  • framed-line task 97
  • Kantian and Millian ethical thought is rationalist, rule based, and universalist. Just the ethical theory you would expect from the culture.

A 3 channel moral matrix

  • Schweder's anthropology: ethics of autonomy, community, divinity 99-100 - gloss each...
  • claims Schweder's theory predicts responses on taboo violation tests, is descriptively accurate.
  • ethic of divinity: body as temple vs. playground
  • vertical dimension to values. explains reactions to flag desecration, piss Christ, thought exp: desecration of liberal icons. (Note connection to contemporary conflicts, such as the Charlie Hebdot massacre.)

Making Sense of Moral/Cultural Difference

  • Haidt's Bhubaneswar experience: diverse (intense) continua of moral values related to purity. (opposite of disgust). Confusing at first, but notice that he started to like his hosts (elephant) and then started to think about how their values might work. Stop and think about how a mind might create this. Detail about airline passenger.
  • Theorizing with Paul Rozin on the right model for thinking about moral foundations: "Our theory, in brief" (103)
  • American politics often about sense of "sacrilege", not just about defining rights (autonomy). Not just harm, but types of moral disgust.
  • Stepping out of the Matrix: H's metaphor for seeing his own cultural moral values as more "contingent" than before, when it felt like the natural advocacy of what seem true and right. Reports growing self awareness of liberal orientation of intellectual culture in relation to Shweder's view. Social conservatives made more sense to him after studying in India.

Small Group Discussion

  • Discussion questions:
  • Does it make sense to talk about "stepping out of a matrix"? Is this a temporary thing? What value might it have in your experience?
  • Do you have a parallel story to Haidt's? (Mention travel experiences.)
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