Difference between revisions of "Tem"

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==JAN 30: 4 ==
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==11: OCT 6==
  
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===Microbiome Movie Notes===
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===Assigned===
  
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:*[https://login.proxy.foley.gonzaga.edu/login?url=http://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=16149&xtid=94805 Medical Revolution The Gut Microbiome] 
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:*Haidt, Chapter 5, "Beyond WEIRD Morality" (17)
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:*[[Medical Revolution The Gut Microbiome Notes]]
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:*Writing exercise: How WEIRD is Morality?
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:*[[The Gut -- Our Second Brain Notes]]
 
  
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===Montgomery, David and anne Bilke, "What Your Microbiome Wants for Dinner"===
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===Brief Survey on Student Engagement in Hybrid course delivery===
  
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:*Digestion Basics
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:*Please take the following anonymous [https://gonzaga.az1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_3I98g1ecsTe59ZP survey].
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::*good introduction to digestion. 
 
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::*inverse relation between complexity of the food molecule and how far it continues to contribute to digestion as it moves through the tube.  
 
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::*note distinct environments of the tract and their respective "ecologies" - 7 quarts of fluids through small intestine.
 
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::*genomic "division of labor" -- our genes code for 20 enzymes to break down complex carbs but our bacterial guests code for 260 enzymes for that purpose.
 
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::*Microbiota (M) like a pharmacy.
 
  
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:*Grain Wreck
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===Final Stage of Sapolsky Writing Assignment===
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::*Chemistry of Typical cereal crop seed --
 
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::*Note that you lose the fats in the grain to stabilize it for production purposes.  Fats go rancid.  Also, white bread is sweet to the taste.  Because it's already breaking down into sugars (simpler carbs) even in your mouth.
 
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::*historical point: total carb consumption stable over 20th c US, but types of carbs changed.  Whole grains and rate of sugar absorbtion (tracked by "glycemic index")
 
  
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:*Meat
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:*'''Stage 4''': Back-evaluation: After you receive your peer comments and my evaluation, take a few minutes to fill out this quick "back evaluation" rating form: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdgKCYITDTSOOHcvC3TAVNK-EZDsP4jiiyPj-7jdpRoNUsLPA/viewform?usp=sf_link].  '''Fill out the form for each reviewer, but not Alfino.''' Up to 10 points, in Points.
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::*Protein Putrefication (Does this happen alot?) - compounds produced by undigested meat in large intestine interferes with butyrate production -- important for general colonic health.  Thinning of bacterial density leaves openning for pathogens and physical damage. 
 
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::*High fat diets can lead to higher rates of bile in the large intestine, which it doesn't handle well.  secondary bile acids.
 
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::*Needn't be a general health argument against meat, but he acknowledges some legitimate health advantages to a vegetarian diet.  Point is that cereal fermentation might be part of the process that helps us tolerate the protein putrefication and excess bile of meat and fat.
 
  
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:*espouses what I'm calling the "consensus healthy diet"  - movement away from industrial processed food.
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::*Back evaluations are due '''Thursday, October 8, 11:59pm'''.
  
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===Sonnenbergs, C 1, "What is the Microbiota and Why Should I Care?"===
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===Some samples from Henrich's, "The Weirdest People on Earth"===
  
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:*How the world looks to a microbiologist! "Without microbes humans wouldn't exist, but if we all disappeared, few of them would notice." 10
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:*p. 25: "Who Am I?" task. Show charts
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:*Introduction to the Tube and digestion
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:*p. 28: sociocentric vs. individualistic
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:*Microbiota Case against the Western Diet
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:*p. 34: guilt vs. shame
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::*Sets the history of human diet in context. Agriculture already a big change, but then industrial ag / industrial foods
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:*p. 44: impersonal honesty research (recall Ariely).   
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::*Adaptability of M remarkable.  Makes us omnivores.
 
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::*Baseline M - cant' be health Western Diet eaters.  studies of groups like Hadza -- far more diverse.  
 
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::*19 - Evolved Symbiotic relationship between us and bacteria --
 
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:::*types of symbiotic relationship - parasitic, commensal (one party benefits, little or no effect on the other), mutualism.
 
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:::*The heart warming story of Tremblaya princeps and Moranella endobia.  (21)  -- why we should be happy mutualists.  Delegation and division of labor might create resiliance.
 
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:*22-30 - Cultural History and History of Science on Bacteria
 
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::*The Great Stink 1858 London, Miasma theory disproved, Cholera bacterium, not isolated until near end of century.  Dr. Robert Koch.
 
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::*60-70's: Abaigail Salyers: early pioneer, 2008: Human Microbiome Project
 
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::*Contemporary research: gnotobiotic mice.  early fecal transplant studies of [[https://gordonlab.wustl.edu/index_2017.html Dr. Jeffrey Gordon]].
 
  
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===Philosophical Implications of the Microbiome===
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===Haidt, Chapter 5, "Beyond WEIRD Morality"===
  
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*The Microbiome research we are reading seems to have implications for the following course research questions:
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====WEIRD Morality====
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:*1. What is food?
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:*WEIRD morality is the morality of Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic cultures
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:*5. What are the challenges of nutrition science as a field of knowledge and what is the state of knowledge about nutrition, broadly?
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::*just as likely to be bothered by taboo violations, but more likely to set aside feelings of disgust and allow violations
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:*6. What is a nutritious diet?
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::*only group with majority allowing chicken story violation.
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:*10. How should I critically assess my own food practices in light of my understanding of the nature of food and food culture?
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::*"the weirder you are the more likely you are to see the world in terms of separate objects, rather than relationships"  "sociocentric" moralities vs. individualistic moralities; Enlightenment moralities of Kant and Mill are rationalist, individualist, and universalist. 
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::*survey data on East/West differences in sentence completion: "I am..."
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::*framed-line task 97
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:*Kantian and Millian ethical thought is rationalist, rule based, and universalist. Just the ethical theory you would expect from the culture. 
  
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:Here are some possible theoretical claims for you to evaluate in terms of their plausibility and their own implications:
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====A 3 channel moral matrix====
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::*Your food doesn't just feed you.
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:*Schweder's anthropology: ethics of autonomy, community, divinity 99-100 - gloss each...
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::*Your food doesn't just nourish you, it also supplies a pharmacy in your gut. These effects cut across the health spectrum and life span.
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::*claims Schweder's theory predicts responses on taboo violation tests, is descriptively accurate.
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::*You exist as a distinct organism, but you cannot survive outside of the symbiotic relationships you have with bacteria and other organisms that call you home.
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::*ethic of divinity: body as temple vs. playground
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::*Mental health is influenced by the health of our M.
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::*vertical dimension to values. explains reactions to flag desecration, piss Christ, thought exp: desecration of liberal icons.  (Note connection to contemporary conflicts, such as the Charlie Hebdot massacre.)
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::*We have co-evolved with our Microbiome.
 
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::*The interic nervous system is an ecology.
 
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::*Some of the requirements of industrial food production are at odds with the requirements of a health Microbiome.
 
  
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:*In small group discussion, consider how information about the Microbiome might change your approach to questions like "What is Food?"  Then look over the proposed philosophical implications above.  Are they too strong?  Warranted?  Do you have sceptical doubts about using this research to alter your view of these research questions?
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====Making Sense of Moral/Cultural Difference====
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:*'''Haidt's Bhubaneswar experience''': diverse (intense) continua of moral values related to purity. (opposite of disgust). Confusing at first, but notice that he started to like his hosts (elephant) and then started to think about how their values might work.  Stop and think about how a mind might create this.  Detail about airline passenger.
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:*Theorizing with Paul Rozin on the right model for thinking about moral foundations: "Our theory, in brief" (103)
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:*American politics often about sense of "sacrilege", not just about defining rights (autonomy).  Not just harm, but types of moral disgust.
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:*'''Stepping out of the Matrix''': H's metaphor for seeing his own cultural moral values as more "contingent" than before, when it felt like the natural advocacy of what seem true and right.  Reports growing self awareness of liberal orientation of intellectual culture in relation to Shweder's view.  Social conservatives made more sense to him after studying in India.
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===Small Group Discussion===
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:*Discussion questions:
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::*Does it make sense to talk about "stepping out of a matrix"?  Is this a temporary thing?  What value might it have in your experience?
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::*Do you have a parallel story to Haidt's? (Mention travel experiences.)

Latest revision as of 19:51, 6 October 2020

11: OCT 6

Assigned

  • Haidt, Chapter 5, "Beyond WEIRD Morality" (17)
  • Writing exercise: How WEIRD is Morality?

Brief Survey on Student Engagement in Hybrid course delivery

  • Please take the following anonymous survey.

Final Stage of Sapolsky Writing Assignment

  • Stage 4: Back-evaluation: After you receive your peer comments and my evaluation, take a few minutes to fill out this quick "back evaluation" rating form: [1]. Fill out the form for each reviewer, but not Alfino. Up to 10 points, in Points.
  • Back evaluations are due Thursday, October 8, 11:59pm.

Some samples from Henrich's, "The Weirdest People on Earth"

  • p. 25: "Who Am I?" task. Show charts
  • p. 28: sociocentric vs. individualistic
  • p. 34: guilt vs. shame
  • p. 44: impersonal honesty research (recall Ariely).

Haidt, Chapter 5, "Beyond WEIRD Morality"

WEIRD Morality

  • WEIRD morality is the morality of Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic cultures
  • just as likely to be bothered by taboo violations, but more likely to set aside feelings of disgust and allow violations
  • only group with majority allowing chicken story violation.
  • "the weirder you are the more likely you are to see the world in terms of separate objects, rather than relationships" "sociocentric" moralities vs. individualistic moralities; Enlightenment moralities of Kant and Mill are rationalist, individualist, and universalist.
  • survey data on East/West differences in sentence completion: "I am..."
  • framed-line task 97
  • Kantian and Millian ethical thought is rationalist, rule based, and universalist. Just the ethical theory you would expect from the culture.

A 3 channel moral matrix

  • Schweder's anthropology: ethics of autonomy, community, divinity 99-100 - gloss each...
  • claims Schweder's theory predicts responses on taboo violation tests, is descriptively accurate.
  • ethic of divinity: body as temple vs. playground
  • vertical dimension to values. explains reactions to flag desecration, piss Christ, thought exp: desecration of liberal icons. (Note connection to contemporary conflicts, such as the Charlie Hebdot massacre.)

Making Sense of Moral/Cultural Difference

  • Haidt's Bhubaneswar experience: diverse (intense) continua of moral values related to purity. (opposite of disgust). Confusing at first, but notice that he started to like his hosts (elephant) and then started to think about how their values might work. Stop and think about how a mind might create this. Detail about airline passenger.
  • Theorizing with Paul Rozin on the right model for thinking about moral foundations: "Our theory, in brief" (103)
  • American politics often about sense of "sacrilege", not just about defining rights (autonomy). Not just harm, but types of moral disgust.
  • Stepping out of the Matrix: H's metaphor for seeing his own cultural moral values as more "contingent" than before, when it felt like the natural advocacy of what seem true and right. Reports growing self awareness of liberal orientation of intellectual culture in relation to Shweder's view. Social conservatives made more sense to him after studying in India.

Small Group Discussion

  • Discussion questions:
  • Does it make sense to talk about "stepping out of a matrix"? Is this a temporary thing? What value might it have in your experience?
  • Do you have a parallel story to Haidt's? (Mention travel experiences.)
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