Difference between revisions of "Tem"

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==Animal philosophy, slaughter in art history, and the gaze in contemporary slaughter==
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==11: OCT 6==
  
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====Some Animal philosophy====
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===Assigned===
  
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:*Think about the complexity of our "psychology of perception of animality"
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:*Haidt, Chapter 5, "Beyond WEIRD Morality" (17)
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::*pets vs. non pets
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:*Writing exercise: How WEIRD is Morality?  
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::*loving food animals. 
 
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::*psychology of snakes and vermin
 
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::*Why do we react differently to a kid kicking a can down the street vs. kicking a sheep's head down the street?
 
  
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::*Not hard for us to compartmentalize, but we experience '''cognitive dissonance''' at some cultural diffs: where our pets are their food animals or where their pets can become food animals.  Also, dissonance in spending on pets.  Extension of vet science requires us to price our love of our pets.
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===Brief Survey on Student Engagement in Hybrid course delivery===
  
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:*Some theory -- start with Derrida's, "The Animal That I therefore am..."  -- story of the philosopher's encounter with his cat. Notes from Slivinski 2012
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:*Please take the following anonymous [https://gonzaga.az1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_3I98g1ecsTe59ZP survey].
  
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::*So, maybe also philosophical sources of dissonance -- Rethinking subjectivity, we are now exposed to the gaze of the animal.  Is there a new kind of thinking that emerges if you take into account the gaze of the animal?  (Parallels -- if you take into account soil, your gut, dietary diseases of the industrial food system.) 
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===Final Stage of Sapolsky Writing Assignment===
  
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::*Obvious opening for a vegan argument, but consider other options.   
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:*'''Stage 4''': Back-evaluation: After you receive your peer comments and my evaluation, take a few minutes to fill out this quick "back evaluation" rating form: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdgKCYITDTSOOHcvC3TAVNK-EZDsP4jiiyPj-7jdpRoNUsLPA/viewform?usp=sf_link].  '''Fill out the form for each reviewer, but not Alfino.''' Up to 10 points, in Points.
  
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:*Pair Derrida with the 19th century growth of two movements:  industrial slaughter, concern about Humane slaughter, societies to promote vegetarian and vegan diets. 
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::*Back evaluations are due '''Thursday, October 8, 11:59pm'''.
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::*Other pieces of the story.  Meat ideology -- partially based in fact.
 
  
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====Food and slaughter in Art History====
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===Some samples from Henrich's, "The Weirdest People on Earth"===
  
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:*Some images of pre-modern slaughter.   
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:*p. 25: "Who Am I?" task.  Show charts
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:*p. 28: sociocentric vs. individualistic
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:*p. 34: guilt vs. shame
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:*p. 44: impersonal honesty research (recall Ariely).   
  
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:*Add pics from Chicago stockyards and Testaccio, Rome
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===Haidt, Chapter 5, "Beyond WEIRD Morality"===
  
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====Other ways of using gaze theory====
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====WEIRD Morality====
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:*WEIRD morality is the morality of Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic cultures
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::*just as likely to be bothered by taboo violations, but more likely to set aside feelings of disgust and allow violations
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::*only group with majority allowing chicken story violation.
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::*"the weirder you are the more likely you are to see the world in terms of separate objects, rather than relationships"  "sociocentric" moralities vs. individualistic moralities; Enlightenment moralities of Kant and Mill are rationalist, individualist, and universalist. 
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::*survey data on East/West differences in sentence completion: "I am..."
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::*framed-line task 97
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:*Kantian and Millian ethical thought is rationalist, rule based, and universalist.  Just the ethical theory you would expect from the culture. 
  
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:*Said and neo-colonial gaze
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====A 3 channel moral matrix====
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:*Foucault's panopticon
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:*Schweder's anthropology: ethics of autonomy, community, divinity 99-100 - gloss each...
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:*The gaze as a way of periodizing pre-industrial, industrial, and hyper-slaughter.
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::*claims Schweder's theory predicts responses on taboo violation tests, is descriptively accurate.
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::*Pre-industrial slaughter modeled the gaze on the butcher, who would normally have seen dressed meat and may have participated in slaughter.  2-3 degrees of separation in the gaze.  Butchers in US make good money.  Socially esteemed due to trust involved in buying meat.  In transition, typical to see cattle marched through city streets to slaughter.
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::*ethic of divinity: body as temple vs. playground
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::*Industrial slaughter -- Involves the technical gaze of the engineer.  (Note mistake in early French slaughterhouse design.)  At the same time the work of industrial slaughter is done by immigrants (Chicago) or non-Romans (Testaccio).  (Oddly, Chicago Stockyard had tours.) We don't see the people who see the slaughter.  As industrial slaughter increases, we no longer see the animals either.  From dressed beef to meatpacking and industrial meat products.
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::*vertical dimension to values.  explains reactions to flag desecration, piss Christ, thought exp: desecration of liberal icons.  (Note connection to contemporary conflicts, such as the Charlie Hebdot massacre.)  
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::*Hyper-slaughter -- Post-gaze.  Inspectors can't see every animal.  Workers are "disappeared" through ICE and deportation.  Facilities moved out of cities.  Hyper-slaughter food chains involves less visible production (video prohibited, completely enclosed facilities). Hyper-slaughter culture eliminates the body of the animal from the consumers sight (transition from older supermarkets in US and mercati in Italy).
 
  
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====Some Problems of Hyper-slaughter and its supply chain====
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====Making Sense of Moral/Cultural Difference====
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:*'''Haidt's Bhubaneswar experience''': diverse (intense) continua of moral values related to purity. (opposite of disgust). Confusing at first, but notice that he started to like his hosts (elephant) and then started to think about how their values might work.  Stop and think about how a mind might create this.  Detail about airline passenger.
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:*Theorizing with Paul Rozin on the right model for thinking about moral foundations: "Our theory, in brief" (103)
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:*American politics often about sense of "sacrilege", not just about defining rights (autonomy).  Not just harm, but types of moral disgust.
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:*'''Stepping out of the Matrix''':  H's metaphor for seeing his own cultural moral values as more "contingent" than before, when it felt like the natural advocacy of what seem true and right.  Reports growing self awareness of liberal orientation of intellectual culture in relation to Shweder's view.  Social conservatives made more sense to him after studying in India.
  
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=====For animals and eaters=====
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===Small Group Discussion===
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:*Discussion questions:
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:*Dismembering animals alive, hogs going into scalder alive
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::*Does it make sense to talk about "stepping out of a matrix"? Is this a temporary thing?  What value might it have in your experience?
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::*Do you have a parallel story to Haidt's? (Mention travel experiences.)
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:*Lowering voltage on stunners -- belief that overstunned animals don't bleed thoroughly. Claim has been debunked.
 
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:*Lack of rules on animal transport lead to animals freezing alive. 
 
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:*Streamlined inspection has led to 6,000 inspectors "looking at" 8 billion animals a year. 
 
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:*"We used to trim the shit off the meat, Then we washed the shit off the meat.  Now the consumer eats the shit off the meat."  USDA Inspector (in Eisnitz p. 155)
 
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:*No slaughter rules mandated for chickens. Again, belief that stunning prevents exsanguation. One plant 1/2 million a day. 
 
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:*Streamlined inspection since 1985: 450 inspectors 1.5 billion birds.  91 birds a minute.
 
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=====For slaughterhouse workers and communities=====
 
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:*Containment pig farming, odor and waste. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KPkW4lg3K8Y  confinement operations and neighbors]
 
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:*Non-white often non-citizen workers are not well received in white rural towns. High turnover, often increases in crime. Yet, undocumented slaughterhouse workers are preferred for their work ethic and their legal vulnerability.
 
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:*Workers health and vulnerability. -- pattern of deportation for worker's making compensation or injury claims.
 
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:*2008 neurological disorders from pig brain mist.  On going concerns about exposure of meat workers to pathogens and "zoonotic transmissible agents" [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2095342/]
 
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:*[https://metro.co.uk/2017/12/31/how-killing-animals-everyday-leaves-slaughterhouse-workers-traumatised-7175087/ Trauma from slaughter]  PTSD, but also PITS, found also in executioners, combat veterans, and Nazis in World War II.
 
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:*Injury rates in slaughterhouses higher in last 25years than for any industry (fitz 2010).  Though recently some improvements.
 
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:*Early 1970's beef kill lines at 179/hr , by early 90s 400/hr (Fitzgerald, 2010).  Now 1,000 to 1200/hr.
 

Latest revision as of 19:51, 6 October 2020

11: OCT 6

Assigned

  • Haidt, Chapter 5, "Beyond WEIRD Morality" (17)
  • Writing exercise: How WEIRD is Morality?

Brief Survey on Student Engagement in Hybrid course delivery

  • Please take the following anonymous survey.

Final Stage of Sapolsky Writing Assignment

  • Stage 4: Back-evaluation: After you receive your peer comments and my evaluation, take a few minutes to fill out this quick "back evaluation" rating form: [1]. Fill out the form for each reviewer, but not Alfino. Up to 10 points, in Points.
  • Back evaluations are due Thursday, October 8, 11:59pm.

Some samples from Henrich's, "The Weirdest People on Earth"

  • p. 25: "Who Am I?" task. Show charts
  • p. 28: sociocentric vs. individualistic
  • p. 34: guilt vs. shame
  • p. 44: impersonal honesty research (recall Ariely).

Haidt, Chapter 5, "Beyond WEIRD Morality"

WEIRD Morality

  • WEIRD morality is the morality of Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic cultures
  • just as likely to be bothered by taboo violations, but more likely to set aside feelings of disgust and allow violations
  • only group with majority allowing chicken story violation.
  • "the weirder you are the more likely you are to see the world in terms of separate objects, rather than relationships" "sociocentric" moralities vs. individualistic moralities; Enlightenment moralities of Kant and Mill are rationalist, individualist, and universalist.
  • survey data on East/West differences in sentence completion: "I am..."
  • framed-line task 97
  • Kantian and Millian ethical thought is rationalist, rule based, and universalist. Just the ethical theory you would expect from the culture.

A 3 channel moral matrix

  • Schweder's anthropology: ethics of autonomy, community, divinity 99-100 - gloss each...
  • claims Schweder's theory predicts responses on taboo violation tests, is descriptively accurate.
  • ethic of divinity: body as temple vs. playground
  • vertical dimension to values. explains reactions to flag desecration, piss Christ, thought exp: desecration of liberal icons. (Note connection to contemporary conflicts, such as the Charlie Hebdot massacre.)

Making Sense of Moral/Cultural Difference

  • Haidt's Bhubaneswar experience: diverse (intense) continua of moral values related to purity. (opposite of disgust). Confusing at first, but notice that he started to like his hosts (elephant) and then started to think about how their values might work. Stop and think about how a mind might create this. Detail about airline passenger.
  • Theorizing with Paul Rozin on the right model for thinking about moral foundations: "Our theory, in brief" (103)
  • American politics often about sense of "sacrilege", not just about defining rights (autonomy). Not just harm, but types of moral disgust.
  • Stepping out of the Matrix: H's metaphor for seeing his own cultural moral values as more "contingent" than before, when it felt like the natural advocacy of what seem true and right. Reports growing self awareness of liberal orientation of intellectual culture in relation to Shweder's view. Social conservatives made more sense to him after studying in India.

Small Group Discussion

  • Discussion questions:
  • Does it make sense to talk about "stepping out of a matrix"? Is this a temporary thing? What value might it have in your experience?
  • Do you have a parallel story to Haidt's? (Mention travel experiences.)
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