Difference between revisions of "Tem"

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==5: SEP 15==
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==11: OCT 6==
  
 
===Assigned===
 
===Assigned===
  
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:*Haidt, Chapter 2, "The Intuitive Dog and It's Rational Tail" (25)
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:*Haidt, Chapter 5, "Beyond WEIRD Morality" (17)
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:*Everyday Ethics Discussion and Short Writing Prompt #2
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:*Writing exercise: How WEIRD is Morality?
  
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===Everyday Ethics Discussion and Short Writing Prompt #2===
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===Brief Survey on Student Engagement in Hybrid course delivery===
  
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:*Everyone agrees that honesty is an important virtue, but no one thinks honesty requires you to tell everyone the truth all the time.  How do you decide when to tell the truth or say what you're thinking?  What makes it morally acceptable to avoid disclosing something or to decide that someone doesn't have a right to an answer. Your answer should present one or more principles that you are implicitly following for deciding what honesty really requires of you.  Try to articulate these principles in your answer and briefly justify them. (To prepare for this assignment you might want to listen to this "This American Life" podcast: [https://www.thisamericanlife.org/552/need-to-know-basis Need to Know Basis].  But you probably don't need to refer to it and you cannot assume that others have heard it.
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:*Please take the following anonymous [https://gonzaga.az1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_3I98g1ecsTe59ZP survey].
  
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:*[https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScSlw0I1mjv_pqqEBr4Eiw1lKGJ65gs6o-kbP3qG_PWEWk1-w/viewform?usp=sf_link Follow this link when you are ready to write.]  Please turn in your writing by '''Friday, September 18.''' 
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===Final Stage of Sapolsky Writing Assignment===
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:*We will be using a "single stage" peer review process for this assignment.  I will send out instructions for the peer review stage after the deadline.
 
  
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===Haidt, Chapter 2, "The Intuitive Dog and Its Rational Tail"===
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:*'''Stage 4''': Back-evaluation: After you receive your peer comments and my evaluation, take a few minutes to fill out this quick "back evaluation" rating form: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdgKCYITDTSOOHcvC3TAVNK-EZDsP4jiiyPj-7jdpRoNUsLPA/viewform?usp=sf_link].  '''Fill out the form for each reviewer, but not Alfino.'''  Up to 10 points, in Points.
  
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:*'''Some complaints about philosophers'''
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::*Back evaluations are due '''Thursday, October 8, 11:59pm'''.
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:*Philosophy's "rationalist delusion" ex. from Timaeus.  but also in rationalist psych.  -- Maybe humans were once perfect..........
 
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:*30: Plato (Timaeus myth of the body - 2nd soul), Hume (reason is slave of passions), and Jefferson (The Head and The Heart)
 
  
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:*'''The troubled history of applying evolution to social processes'''
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===Some samples from Henrich's, "The Weirdest People on Earth"===
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:*Wilson's Prophecy:  brief history of moral philosophy after Darwin.  nativism gets a bad name...
 
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:*moralism (Anti-nativism): reactions against bad nativism, like Social Darwinism, 60s ideology suggesting that we can liberate ourselves from our biology and traditional morality (as contraception appeared to).
 
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:*Nativism (natural selection gives us minds "preloaded" with moral emotions) in the 90s: Wilson, de Waal, Damasio Controversy in E. O. Wilson's ''Sociobiology''. 
 
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::*Note, for example, debate over rights: rationalists(moralists) vs. nativists: note the claims and counter-claims.  brings in feminism, resistance to science, naturalism. 
 
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:*de Waal (used to be in the course.  See links.); Damasio -- 33 -- seems to be a very different picture than Plato's;
 
  
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:*'''Some examples of evolutionary psychology'''
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:*p. 25: "Who Am I?" task.  Show charts
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:*Evolutionary Psychology in moral psychology 
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:*p. 28: sociocentric vs. individualistic
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::*Damasio's research on vmPFC disabled patients.  could watch gruesome images without feeling. trouble planning. (Phineas Gage) reasoning (about some practical matters) requires feeling.
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:*p. 34: guilt vs. shame
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::*No problem making moral decisions under cognitive load. Suggests automatic processing. Note this also suggests that we shouldn't think of our "principles" as causal.   
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:*p. 44: impersonal honesty research (recall Ariely).
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::*Roach-juice
 
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::*Soul selling
 
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::*Harmless Taboo violations: Incest story; note how interviewer pushes toward dumbfounding.
 
  
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:*'''How to explain dumbfounding.''' 
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===Haidt, Chapter 5, "Beyond WEIRD Morality"===
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::*Margolis: seeing that (pattern matching - auto) vs. reasoning why (controlled thought); we have bias toward confirmation, which is seen in the mistake people make on the Wasson Card test.  (From this perspective Kohlberg was focused on "reasoning why". Note from p. 44, some "reasoning why" is crucial to moral discourse (similar to universalizability in Singer reading)
 
  
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:*Rider and Elephant
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====WEIRD Morality====
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::*Important to see Elephant as making judgements (processing info), not just "feeling" (Hard for traditional philosophers to do.)
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:*WEIRD morality is the morality of Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic cultures
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::*45: Elephant and Rider defined
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::*just as likely to be bothered by taboo violations, but more likely to set aside feelings of disgust and allow violations
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:::*Emotions are a kind of information processing, part of the cognitive process.
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::*only group with majority allowing chicken story violation.
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:::*Moral judgment is a cognitive process.   
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::*"the weirder you are the more likely you are to see the world in terms of separate objects, rather than relationships"  "sociocentric" moralities vs. individualistic moralities; Enlightenment moralities of Kant and Mill are rationalist, individualist, and universalist.   
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:::*Intuition and reasoning are both cognitive. (Note: don't think of intuition in Haidt simply as "gut reaction" in the sense of random subjectivity. Claims you are processsing information through emotional response.
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::*survey data on East/West differences in sentence completion: "I am..."
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::*Values of the rider: seeing into future, treating like cases like; post hoc explanation.
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::*framed-line task 97
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::*Values of the elephant: automatic, valuative, ego-maintaining, opens us to influence from others.
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:*Kantian and Millian ethical thought is rationalist, rule based, and universalist.  Just the ethical theory you would expect from the culture.
  
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:*Social Intuitionist Model: attempt to imagine how our elephants respond to other elephants and riders.
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====A 3 channel moral matrix====
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:*Schweder's anthropology: ethics of autonomy, community, divinity 99-100 - gloss each...
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::*claims Schweder's theory predicts responses on taboo violation tests, is descriptively accurate.
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::*ethic of divinity: body as temple vs. playground
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::*vertical dimension to values.  explains reactions to flag desecration, piss Christ, thought exp: desecration of liberal icons.  (Note connection to contemporary conflicts, such as the Charlie Hebdot massacre.)
  
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====Small Group Discussion====
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====Making Sense of Moral/Cultural Difference====
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:*'''Haidt's Bhubaneswar experience''': diverse (intense) continua of moral values related to purity. (opposite of disgust). Confusing at first, but notice that he started to like his hosts (elephant) and then started to think about how their values might work.  Stop and think about how a mind might create this.  Detail about airline passenger.
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:*Theorizing with Paul Rozin on the right model for thinking about moral foundations: "Our theory, in brief" (103)
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:*American politics often about sense of "sacrilege", not just about defining rights (autonomy).  Not just harm, but types of moral disgust.
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:*'''Stepping out of the Matrix''':  H's metaphor for seeing his own cultural moral values as more "contingent" than before, when it felt like the natural advocacy of what seem true and right.  Reports growing self awareness of liberal orientation of intellectual culture in relation to Shweder's view.  Social conservatives made more sense to him after studying in India.
  
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:*Go back to roach juice and soul selling. How would you react to this experiment now that you know it's a pschological trigger we have?  What else works like this?
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===Small Group Discussion===
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:*Is Feeling epistemic? Do we process information with emotions?
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:*Discussion questions:
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::*Does it make sense to talk about "stepping out of a matrix"? Is this a temporary thing?  What value might it have in your experience?
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::*Do you have a parallel story to Haidt's? (Mention travel experiences.)
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:*Bring up Repligate issue. [https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-nature-nurture-nietzsche-blog/201509/quick-guide-the-replication-crisis-in-psychology]
 

Latest revision as of 19:51, 6 October 2020

11: OCT 6

Assigned

  • Haidt, Chapter 5, "Beyond WEIRD Morality" (17)
  • Writing exercise: How WEIRD is Morality?

Brief Survey on Student Engagement in Hybrid course delivery

  • Please take the following anonymous survey.

Final Stage of Sapolsky Writing Assignment

  • Stage 4: Back-evaluation: After you receive your peer comments and my evaluation, take a few minutes to fill out this quick "back evaluation" rating form: [1]. Fill out the form for each reviewer, but not Alfino. Up to 10 points, in Points.
  • Back evaluations are due Thursday, October 8, 11:59pm.

Some samples from Henrich's, "The Weirdest People on Earth"

  • p. 25: "Who Am I?" task. Show charts
  • p. 28: sociocentric vs. individualistic
  • p. 34: guilt vs. shame
  • p. 44: impersonal honesty research (recall Ariely).

Haidt, Chapter 5, "Beyond WEIRD Morality"

WEIRD Morality

  • WEIRD morality is the morality of Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic cultures
  • just as likely to be bothered by taboo violations, but more likely to set aside feelings of disgust and allow violations
  • only group with majority allowing chicken story violation.
  • "the weirder you are the more likely you are to see the world in terms of separate objects, rather than relationships" "sociocentric" moralities vs. individualistic moralities; Enlightenment moralities of Kant and Mill are rationalist, individualist, and universalist.
  • survey data on East/West differences in sentence completion: "I am..."
  • framed-line task 97
  • Kantian and Millian ethical thought is rationalist, rule based, and universalist. Just the ethical theory you would expect from the culture.

A 3 channel moral matrix

  • Schweder's anthropology: ethics of autonomy, community, divinity 99-100 - gloss each...
  • claims Schweder's theory predicts responses on taboo violation tests, is descriptively accurate.
  • ethic of divinity: body as temple vs. playground
  • vertical dimension to values. explains reactions to flag desecration, piss Christ, thought exp: desecration of liberal icons. (Note connection to contemporary conflicts, such as the Charlie Hebdot massacre.)

Making Sense of Moral/Cultural Difference

  • Haidt's Bhubaneswar experience: diverse (intense) continua of moral values related to purity. (opposite of disgust). Confusing at first, but notice that he started to like his hosts (elephant) and then started to think about how their values might work. Stop and think about how a mind might create this. Detail about airline passenger.
  • Theorizing with Paul Rozin on the right model for thinking about moral foundations: "Our theory, in brief" (103)
  • American politics often about sense of "sacrilege", not just about defining rights (autonomy). Not just harm, but types of moral disgust.
  • Stepping out of the Matrix: H's metaphor for seeing his own cultural moral values as more "contingent" than before, when it felt like the natural advocacy of what seem true and right. Reports growing self awareness of liberal orientation of intellectual culture in relation to Shweder's view. Social conservatives made more sense to him after studying in India.

Small Group Discussion

  • Discussion questions:
  • Does it make sense to talk about "stepping out of a matrix"? Is this a temporary thing? What value might it have in your experience?
  • Do you have a parallel story to Haidt's? (Mention travel experiences.)
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